中国副外长访朝鲜 学者:旨在了解朝鲜近期外交转变

作者: 联合早报   日期:2024-01-29 15:32 阅读:0  来源:联合早报  
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据联合早报报道

朝鲜继续深化与俄罗斯关系之际,中国外交部副部长孙卫东访问朝鲜,双方同意加强战略合作,共同维护核心利益。

受访学者认为,中方此行旨在了解朝鲜近期外交政策取向的转变,试图确保平壤不脱离北京的影响。

孙卫东是在星期五(1月26日)访问朝鲜平壤,与朝鲜副外长朴明浩举行磋商,并拜会了朝鲜外长崔善姬。据中国外交部当晚发布的消息,双方就中朝关系、国际地区形势等共同关心的问题交换了意见。

消息指出,双方高度评价两国近年来关系发展的成果,并再次确认维护好、巩固好、发展好中朝关系是两党和两国政府坚定不移的立场。双方同意加强各层级战略沟通,深化传统友好和务实合作,密切多边协调配合,推动中朝关系持续向前发展。

朝鲜官媒朝中社则报道,两国官员会谈在“友好气氛”中进行,双方同意继续加强战术协同和互动,维护共同核心利益。

孙卫东的访问似乎是继朴明浩去年12月访问中国后的一次回访。

本月早些时候,中国国家主席习近平与朝鲜最高领导人金正恩互致新年贺电时,双方以两国建交75周年为契机,宣布将2024年指定为“中朝友好年”,并启动系列活动。

孙卫东在此行与朝方商定了主要活动安排。

中国是朝鲜最大贸易伙伴和传统盟友,两国贸易过去10年来逐年增加。不过,有越来越多迹象显示,朝鲜正在向深陷战争的俄罗斯靠拢

金正恩去年9月罕见地在俄罗斯远东地区与俄罗斯总统普京进行会晤,这是他冠病疫情暴发以来首次外访;朝鲜近几个月也频频被指为俄罗斯在俄乌战争中提供武器,由此获得俄罗斯尖端军事技术,两国也共同生产武器。

韩国情报机构称,朝鲜去年11月在俄罗斯的技术援助下,成功发射了一颗军事间谍卫星。

新加坡国立大学李光耀公共政策学院东亚国际关系助理教授柳庸煜(Ryu Yongwook)接受《联合早报》访问时指出,自上世纪70年代以来,朝鲜一直在中俄之间实施等距外交,以最大限度发挥影响力,从双方获得最大利益。

他说,在北京看来,随着平壤向莫斯科靠拢,意味着中国对朝鲜的影响力正在减弱,而中国此时访问朝鲜的目的就是要摸清朝鲜的外交政策取向。

过去几周,朝鲜加大对韩国的挑衅,除了频繁试射导弹,还提议修宪将韩国定义为“头号敌人”和“永远的主敌”,加剧朝鲜半岛紧张局势。

中国正在努力从疫情中复苏,柳庸煜研判,地区不稳定将不可避免地为中国带来更多社会和经济问题,中国因此可能向朝鲜转达缓和朝鲜半岛局势的愿望。

但他强调,中国目前的处境艰难,因为如果把朝鲜逼得太紧,平壤就会加快向莫斯科靠拢。“北京唯一能打的就是胡萝卜牌。它须要向平壤作出正确的让步,提供足够的吸引力,才能确保平壤继续向着北京。”

柳庸煜还指出,朝鲜一直希望减少对北京的依赖,发展与其他大国的关系,正如在美国前总统特朗普执政期间的尝试那样。他解释,过度的经济依赖会转化为政治脆弱性和过度干预。

他说:“在所有地区和国家中,朝鲜是最了解这一点的国家,因为他们对中国的依赖最大。当前俄罗斯的局势为朝鲜提供了减少对中国依赖的机会,他们于是紧抓不放,但这正是中国政府所不愿看到的。”

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freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:309) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:384) at com.jspxcms.common.file.FtpFileHandler$11.doInFtp(FtpFileHandler.java:270) at com.jspxcms.common.file.FtpTemplate.execute(FtpTemplate.java:58) at com.jspxcms.common.file.FtpFileHandler.storeFile(FtpFileHandler.java:257) at com.jspxcms.core.html.PInfo.doMakeHtml(PInfo.java:105) at com.jspxcms.core.html.PInfo.makeHtml(PInfo.java:48) at com.jspxcms.core.html.HtmlServiceImpl.makeInfo(HtmlServiceImpl.java:56) at com.jspxcms.core.html.HtmlServiceImpl$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$ca793f53.invoke() at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:736) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:283) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:671) at com.jspxcms.core.html.HtmlServiceImpl$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$24b34a51.makeInfo() at com.jspxcms.core.service.impl.InfoServiceImpl.updateHtml(InfoServiceImpl.java:879) at com.jspxcms.core.service.impl.InfoServiceImpl.pass(InfoServiceImpl.java:526) at com.jspxcms.core.service.impl.InfoServiceImpl$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$3b2ee07e.invoke() at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:736) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:283) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:671) at com.jspxcms.core.service.impl.InfoServiceImpl$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$2c00c0b2.pass() at com.jspxcms.core.web.back.InfoController.auditPass(InfoController.java:614) at com.jspxcms.core.web.back.InfoController$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$6206d7eb.invoke() at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:736) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157) at org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor$1.proceed(AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor.java:82) at org.apache.shiro.authz.aop.AuthorizingMethodInterceptor.invoke(AuthorizingMethodInterceptor.java:39) at org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor.invoke(AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor.java:115) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:671) at com.jspxcms.core.web.back.InfoController$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$5a4b906f.auditPass() at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor1413.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205) at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:133) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:97) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:854) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:765) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:967) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:901) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:970) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:872) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:681) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:846) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:764) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:112) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:61) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66) at com.jspxcms.core.support.BackSiteFilter.doFilter(BackSiteFilter.java:50) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:450) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:365) at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90) at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83) at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:387) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:362) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:347) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:263) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter.doFilterInternal(OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter.java:178) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at com.jspxcms.core.support.CsrfFilter.doFilterInternal(CsrfFilter.java:47) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:197) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter.doFilter(ErrorPageFilter.java:128) at org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter.access$000(ErrorPageFilter.java:66) at org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter$1.doFilterInternal(ErrorPageFilter.java:103) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter.doFilter(ErrorPageFilter.java:121) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:197) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:543) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:135) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:698) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:367) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:639) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:882) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1647) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)